Components of bee venom in Apis dorsata and their effects on rat Rattus norvegicus

Abstract

The amount of dried weight venom of A. dorsata is about 0.170 ± 0.016 mg per bee. Three of bee venom (BV) component (apamine, phospholipase A2, melittin) were found from RP-HPLC whereas the enzyme glycosyltransferease is a enzyme that found in BV component from MALDI-TOF. Three groups of rats were used in the experiment. Control group was injected with 0.1 ml in PBS into subcutaneous. Two treatment groups were injected with venom at concentration of 0.25 mg and 0.50 mg in 0.1 ml PBS respectively. After 2, 8 and 24 hours the rats were euthanized and liver, kidney and blood were collected for histological process. Liver cell show three majors respond to BV including blood congestion, sinusoidal space dilation and lipid accumulation in hepatocyte. BV cause local inflammation of liver cell. The result support by the increasing in amount of Kupffer cells. The renal cortex shows two major responds (proximal tubular degeneration and haemorrhage) and the renal medulla shows three major responds (collecting duct degeneration, haemorrhage and white blood cell infiltration). Increasing of neutrophils and decreasing of lymphocytes were found significant difference from control group. Suggest that BV has responding to immune of mammalian. These results suggested that BV was toxic to liver, kidney and blood tissue of rat.