Effects of types of arylamine based benzoxazine binders in brake pads on thermal degradation kinetics

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the effect of the alkyl-substituted aromatic amines of polybenzoxazine resins used as binders in the non-asbestos friction composite materials on their thermal degradation and stability. The effects of BA-35x polybenzoxazine resin used as a binder of the brake pad were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen atmosphere at various heating rates of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 25 °C/min by applying the model of Advanced iso-conversional method. For the friction composite system using BA-35x as binder, the derivative thermogram exhibited six stages of thermal decomposition reaction. The activation energies of six stages were determined by Kissinger method, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method and Coats-Redfern method to be 244, 286, 224, 108, 357 and 526 kJ/mol, respectively. Furthermore, from the calculation by Criado method, the thermal degradation mechanism was proposed to be the appropriated type of random nucleation with one nucleus on the individual particle (F1).