News framing of Thairath newspapers on migrant workers from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

This research examines the framing and representation of migrant workers from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar in Thai news coverage during the COVID-19 outbreak. Migrant workers from these countries constitute over 70% of the total migrant worker population in Thailand, playing a significant role in the country's economic growth. However, they reportedly face numerous challenges related to labor rights, access to health services, and social exclusion during the outbreak.

This qualitative study examines 225 pieces of news reports, scoops/features, and editorial opinions in the Thairath newspaper—both print and online editions—during a specific timeframe in 2020 and 2021 that depict the coverage of these migrant workers. Through content analysis of news framing and media representation, the study uncovers the prevailing themes surrounding migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings reveal that Thai Rath's news coverage primarily focuses on such themes as legal requirements, particularly those related to health and border control, with a reliance on official government sources. However, individual labor experiences receive less attention, resulting in the portrayal of migrant workers as dependents on government assistance or offenders, reinforcing negative stereotypes and prejudices.

The research dicussions conclude that journalistic practices, including news framing, source selection, and active portrayal, can be reviewed in order to give inclusivity to CLM migrant workers. Also, it suggests that human rights and social inclusion aspect can be integrated in the newsgathering process to provide fair representation and avoid stigmatization against migrant workers in Thailand.